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'WE BELONG TO THE NORTH': THE FLIGHTS OF THE NORTHERN INDIANS FROM THE WHITE RIVER AGENCIES, 1877-1878

Montana: The Magazine of Western History, Summer 2005 by Bray, Kingsley M

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47. Captain P. D. Vroom to Assistant Adjutant General, Department of Dakota, January 17, 1878, Sioux War Papers, RG 94, NA, Washington: Colonel Nelson A. Miles to Assistant Adjutant General, Department of Dakota, n.d., ibid.: Miles to Assistant Adjutant General, Department of Dakota, January 12,1878: Sanders to Fort Buford Adjutant, January 17, 1878, Sioux War Papers, RG 94, NA, Washington.

48. V. T. McGillycuddy to [Lieutenant Colonel F. D. Grant], December 13, 1877, Letters Received, Red Cloud Agency, RG 75, NA, Washington.

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49. McGillycuddy to Grant, December 13, 1877; James Irwin to Commissioner of Indian Affairs, December 17, 1877, Letters Received, Red Cloud Agency. RG 75. NA, Washington. The exchange of letters between Irwin, the Indian Office, and Generals Sherman and Sheridan can be traced in the Letters Received. Red Cloud Agency, RG 75, NA, Washington; and the Sioux War Papers, RG 94. NA, Washington.

50. Garnett interview; "Pine Ridge Agency Ration Roll, 1879," copy in author's collection, courtesy Brother C. M. Simon, SJ., Red Cloud Indian School. The Little Big Man-No Water camp may have assumed the name Refuse to Move Camp, Iglaka Tehila.

51. Short Bull statement. July 13,1930, in "Oglala Sources on the Life of Crazy Horse: Interviews Given to Eleanor H. Hinman," Nebraska History, eel. Paul D. Riley, 57 (Spring 1976), 40. He Dog's brothers Bad Heart Bull and Tall White Man were enlisted as privates in scout Company C, as were tiyospaye members Four Crows, Iron Hawk (corporals), and Good Weasel (private). All joined the January 1878 breakout. He Dog's tiyospaye was known as the Sore-Backs.

52. Lieutenant Colonel L. P. Bradley to Adjutant General, Department of the Flatte, September 7,1877, Special Files of Headquarters, Division of the Missouri, Relating to Military Operations: File 6207, Sioux War, RG 94, NA, Washington.

53. Skunk Horse statement, in V. T. McGillycuddy to Commissioner of Indian Affairs, October 7, 1879, Sioux War Papers, RG 94, NA, Washington. See also W. P. Clark, The Indian Sign Language (repr., Lincoln, 1982), 21. Both Red Dog and his son Kills A Hundred served as Company C privates. Most Oyuhpe "stampeders" remaining at Spotted Tail Agency after October 1877 returned to the Oglalas one year later when Pine Ridge Agency was established. Many then joined the tiyospaye of Red Dog and fellow agency Oyuhpe headman Slow Bull.

54. On Little Hawk and Hunkpatila band composition, see Joseph Eagle Hawk statement. The only Hunkpatila private in Company C was the youth Whirlwind Bear, grandson of band elder Human Finger. Little Hawk surrendered at Fort Keogh with Big Road, September 1880.

55. Garnett interview; lieutenant G. A. Dodd to Commanding Officer, New Red Cloud Agency, March 5,1878, Sioux War Papers, RG 94, NA, Washington. Companies A, B, and C, based at Red Cloud Agency, aggregated some 140 officers and men. Part of Company E, enlisted at Spotted Tail Agency and with Touch the Clouds as first sergeant, had joined the Red Cloud column. According to Billy Garnett, the proposed cutback was to 70 men.

'WE BELONG TO THE NORTH': THE FLIGHTS OF THE NORTHERN INDIANS FROM THE WHITE RIVER AGENCIES, 1877-1878

Montana: The Magazine of Western History, Summer 2005 by Bray, Kingsley M

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