Rethinking the firm: organizational approaches

Table 1.
Two Views of the
Firm

Action area           Purpose         Payoff matrix   Levers

Strategic behavior    Instrumental    Exogenous       Incentives

Identification/       Expressive/     Endogenous      Ideology/
normative order       institutional                   social
                                                      organization

References

Arrow, Kenneth 1974 The limits of organization. New York: Norton.

Barnard, Chester I. 1938 The functions of the executive. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Black, Duncan 1958 The theory of committees and elections. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Boudon, Raymond 2001 The origin of values. London: Transaction.

Coleman, James S. 1990 Foundations of social theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Cyert, Richard M., and James G. March 1963 A behavioral theory of the firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Daft, Richard. L., and Karl E. Weick 1984 "Toward a model of organizations and interpretation systems'.

Academy of Management Review 9/2: 284-295.

DiMaggio, Paul, and Woody W. Powell

1983 'The iron-cage revisited: Institutional isomorphism and collective rationality in organizational fields'. American Sociological Review 38/2: 147-160.

Eden C., and J. C. Spender, editors 1998 Managerial and organizational cognition. London: Sage.

Elster, Jon 1989 The cement of society. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Garfinkel, Harold 1984 Studies of ethnomethodology. London: Polity Press.

Giddens, Anthony 1987 La constitution de la societe. Paris: PUF.

Hannan, Michael T., and John H. Freeman 1989 Organizational ecology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Hennart, Jean-Francois 1993 'Explaining the swollen middle: Why most transactions are a mix of "market" and "hierarchy"'. Organization Science 4/4: 529-547.

Kogut, Bruce, and Udo Zander 1996 'What do firms do? Coordination, identity, and learning'. Organization Science 7/5: 502-518.

Koza, M. P., and A. Y. Lewin 1998 'The coevolution of strategic alliances'. Organization Science 9/3: 255-264.

Lewin, A. Y., and M. P. Koza 2001 'Coevolutionary processes of strategic adaptation and change: The promise and challenge of empirical research'. Organization Studies 22/6: v-xii.

March, James G., and Johan P. Olsen 1976 Ambiguity and choice in organizations. Bergen: Universitetforlaget.

March, James G., and Herbert A. Simon 1958 Organizations. New York: Wiley.

Michaud, Claude, and Jean-Claude Thoenig 2003 Making strategy and organisation compatible. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Oliver, P., G. Marwell, and R. Teixeira 1985 'A theory of critical mass: Interdependence, group heterogeneity, and the production of collective action'. American Journal of Sociology 91/3: 522-556.

Olson, Mancur 1965 The logic of collective action: Public goods and the theory of groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Selznick, Philip 1949 TVA and the grass roots: A study in the sociology or formal organization. Berkeley: University of California Press.