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Black Housing, White Finance: African American Housing And Home Ownership In Evanston, Illinois, Before 1940 - Statistical Data Included
Journal of Social History, Winter, 1999 by Andrew Wiese
(39.) Five future presidents of the North Shore Real Estate Board made mortgage loans or built houses for blacks on the west side. Two, Christian J. Golee and Ray L. Dowdall lent to African Americans on Ayars Place. Torrens Deed Dockers 240E, 241, 589D; "Will Honor Realty Leaders at 25th Anniversary Dinner," Evanston Review, April 27, 1944; Christian J. Golee, Obituary, Evanston Review, January 26, 1950, p. 14; Clyde Foster worked for Quinlan and Tyson from 1907 through the 1960s. He was its treasurer during the 1920s and later president and chairman of the board. Foster also served as Seventh ward Alderman in Evanston, 1918-1924. "Clyde Foster, Dean of City's Businessmen, Marks 50th Year," Evanston Review, July 11, 1957; Clyde D. Foster, Obituary, Evanston Review, Sept. 1, 1966, p. 85; "Who's Who in Real Estate," Evanston Review, Match 5, 1943, p. 20.
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(40.) N=60 loans directly to African Americans (1918-1931). Torrens Deed Docket 589D.
(41.) Torrens Deed Docket 589D; Polk's Evanston City Directory, 1925 (Chicago, 1925); Albert N. Marquis, ed., Who's Who in Chicago.
(42.) Hidden costs included charges for title searches, service charges, and fees for construction loans or second mortgages, which often substantially inflated the price of credit. Robert F. Bingham and Elmore L. Andrews, Financing Real Estate (Cleveland, 1924), 115--117; Chicago Commission on Race Relations, The Negro in Chicago (Chicago, 1920).
(43.) For Ayars Place, n=31: 12 first mortgages, 19 second mortgages. Chicago statistics were drawn from a random sample of 73 loans to white Chicagoans recorded in the same months as loans to African Americans in Evanston. For preference to black borrowers, see, for example, John F. Hahn first mortgage to black chauffeur, Thomas Jetton, (2,000 @ 6 percent in three years) compared to first mortgage to John Keegan, a white mason (across the street) ($2,500 @ 6.5 percent in 3 years). Torrens Deed Docket 589D.
(44.) 427 (35 percent) of the 1,223 occupied housing units in the black west side in 1940 were constructed between 1920 and 1929. Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940: Housing, Block Statistics, Evanston, Illinois, 8-9.
(45.) City of Evanston, Building Permits, (EHS). R.L. Polk's Evanston City and North Shore Directory, 1922-1927; David Bruner called owner building "the most striking tendency in the distribution of the Negro population." Bruner, "A General Survey," 36.
(46.) Harris, "The Unplanned Blue-Collar Suburb."
(47.) Torrens Deed Docket 240E; Sanborn Map Company, Fire Insurance Map of Evanston, Illinois, 1920. Early residents included laborers, carpenters, chauffeurs, a janitor, hod carrier, train conductor, and fireman, plus a minister and a few small business owners. Fourteenth Census of the United States: 1920, Census Schedules; Bumstead's Evanston City and North Shore Directory, 1920-1921.
(48.) Harris, Unplanned Suburbs; Nicolaides, "Where the Working Man is Welcomed: Working Class Suburbs in Los Angeles, 1910-1940," forthcoming, Pacific Historical Review, 2000.
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