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The oldest original synagogue building in the Diaspora: the Delos synagogue reconsidered
Hesperia, Fall, 2004 by Monika Trumper
(102.) Binder 1999, pp. 307-314, although with a quite different reconstruction of the original building. See also Runesson 2001a, pp. 186-187.
(103.) GD 80 hall A/B = 16.80 x 14.40 m. Cf. the dimensions of the largest private oeci maiores: the Maison de l'Hermes (GD 89), room D with one doorway and two windows, 11 x 6 m; the Maison des dauphins (GD 111), room h with three doorways, 10 x 6.8 m; the Maison du Dionysos (GD 120), room f with three doorways, 10 x 5.5 m; the Quartier du theatre, Ilot II, Maison F (GD 117), room l with three doorways, 9.4 x 6.2 m; the Maison des masques (GD 112), room g with one doorway, no windows preserved, 9.2 x 7 m; and the Maison des comediens (GD 59B), room N with one doorway, no windows preserved, 9.2 x 5.5 m.
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(104.) See Trumper 1998, pp. 81-115.
(105.) The Etablissement des Poseidoniastes (GD 57), room E, 15.80 x 13.37 m; the Maison du Diadumene (GD 61), room e, 15.00 x 7.40 m; the Maison de Fourni (GD 124), room h, 10.40 x 7.40 m; Quartier du stade, Ilot I, Maison B (GD 79a), room m (the "Parfumerie"; here Fig. 1), 8.40/ 13.40 x 7.20 m. Nearly all large rooms in private houses and buildings for the meetings of associations are broad rooms (Breitraume), i.e., more extended in length than in width; the width does not or barely reaches 7 m, so the rooms easily could have been roofed (with the exception of room E of the Etablissement des Poseidoniastes, see n. 24, above). Contrary to White (1987, p. 152), the Maison des comediens (GD 59B) certainly was not a building used for the meetings of associations, but was a private house. For the selection of buildings for the meetings of associations here, see in detail below, pp. 579-581.
(106.) See Trumper 2002; in addition, as mentioned in n. 24 above, I am preparing a study of all buildings used for the meetings of associations in Delos.
(107.) Trumper 1998, pp. 81-87, 106-115; Hoepfner and Schwandner 1994, pp. 318-320.
(108.) The plot of land upon which the Etablissement des Poseidoniastes (GD 57) was built had an unfavorable form and required a lateral western positioning of the large hall with regard to the peristyle-courtyard. The Maison de Fourni (GD 124) was constructed on several terraces with an axial arrangement, the clear intent of which was to provide a view of the sea to the west (the large hall opens to the west). The large halls of the other two meeting places mentioned above (n. 105) open to the south, as do the large majority of Delian oeci maiores. The assembly hall of a fifth meeting place, the Monument de Granit (GD 54), cannot be reconstructed because it was situated on the upper story of a complex of tabernae and is not sufficiently preserved. According to finds, it was subdivided by Ionic colonnades.
(109.) See below for the fourth phase.
(110.) A similar phenomenon can be observed in the domestic architecture of Delos. According to Bruneau (1968, p. 666), several facades of houses were deliberately modeled after walls of public buildings. Yet some of these facades were clearly covered with stucco, and thus were not perceivable by outsiders as prestige-seeking imitations; cf. Trumper 1998, p. 31, n. 168. It is not surprising that none of the stucco has been preserved on the visible wall, because this wall was especially exposed to wind and weather. On the whole, very little of the stucco revetment of this building is preserved, most probably because it is exposed to the ravages of the sea; see n. 23, above.
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