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Depression and women

National Women's Health Report, August, 2003

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It also helps you reverse the cycle of depression--social withdrawal, fatigue, poor concentration and further negative life events--by developing positive life events. Numerous studies find that IPT is very effective in treating depression, in most cases equally or more effectively than treatment with medication. However, both together--medication and IPT--appears to be most effective.

The same can be said for cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), which involves learning how to talk back to your negative beliefs and how to be more adaptable. CBT appears to be about as effective as medications and, quite possibly, longer lasting. People seem to learn things in CBT that reduce their risk for subsequent depressions even after treatment ends.

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There are other promising therapies, but IPT and CBT are two of the best according to scientific research.

--Steven D. Hollon, PhD

Professor of Psychology

Vonderbilt University

Nashville, TN

References

(1) Narrow WE. "One-year prevalence of depressive disorder among adults 18 and over in the U.S.: NIMH ECA prospective data." Population estimates based on U.S. Census estimated residential population age 18 and over on July 1, 1998. Unpublished table.

(2) Weisseman MM, Bland RC, Canino GJ, et al "Prevalence of suicide ideation and suicide attempts in nine countries." Psychological Medicine, 1999; 29(1):9-17.

(3) Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, et al. National Comorbidity Survey Replication. "The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)." JAMA 2003 Jun 18;289(23):3095-105.

(4) "Depression: What Every Woman Should Know." NIMH. Updated Feb. 6, 2003. http://www.nih.gov. Accessed July 16, 2003.

(5) Maciejewski PK, Prigerson HG, Mazure CM. "Sex differences in event related risk for major depression." Psychol Med. 2001 May;31(4):593-604.

(6) Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, et al. "Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene." Science 2003 Jul 18;301(5631):386-9.

(7) Summit on Women on Depression, October 5-7, 2000 American Psychological Association. http://www.apa.org Accessed July 10, 2003.

(8) Mazure CM, Bruce ML, Maciejewski PK, et al. "Adverse life events and cognitive-personality characteristics in the prediction of major depression and antidepressant response." Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Jun;157(6):896-903.

(9) "Depression: A guide to diagnosis and treatment." National Guideline Clearinghouse. http://www.guideline.gov Accessed July 20, 2003.

(10) Hollon, SD, Michael ET, Markowitz, JC. "Treatment and Prevention of Depression" Psychological Science in the Public Internet. Nov 2003 3(2):39-70.

(11) Ables AZ, Baugbman OL 3rd. "Antidepressants: update on new agents and indications. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Feb 1;67(3):547-54 Review.

(12) Steiner M, Dunn E, Born L. "Hormones and mood: from menarche to menopause and beyond." J Affect Disord. 2003 Mar;74(1):67-83.

(13) Altshuler LL, Cohen LS, Moline ML, et al. Expert Consensus Panel for Depression in Women. The Expert Consensus Guideline Series. "Treatment of depression in women." Postgrad Med. 2001 Mar;(Spec No):1-107. Review.

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Depression and women

National Women's Health Report, August, 2003

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