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AORN Journal, Feb, 2003 by Esther Mok, Kwai-Yiu Wong
Table 1
DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
Age Experimental Control
group group
11-20 5 4
21-30 15 9
31-40 6 13
41-50 10 11
51-60 3 2
61-70 1 1
Sex Experimental Control
group group
Male 7 8
Female 33 32
Marital status Experimental Control
group group
Single 12 11
Married 26 28
Divorced 2 1
Education level Experimental Control
group group
Primary 7 8
Secondary 28 26
Tertiary 5 6
Types of surgery Experimental Control
group group
Excision of breast mass 22 22
Wedge excision of ingrowing toe nail 3 3
Excision of buttock sebaceous cyst 2 2
Secondary suturing of appendectomy wound 2 2
Excisional biopsy of cervical lymph node 5 4
Cauterization of hand wart 4 5
Circumcision 1 1
Secondary suturing of herniorrhaphy wound 1 0
Secondary suturing of thyroidectomy wound 0 1
Previous surgical experience Experimental Control
group group
Yes 21 22
No 19 18
Mean of duration of procedure in minutes 38.1 32
Mean of amount of local anesthesia used
in cubic centimeters 8.8 8.5
Table 2
TWO-SAMPLE T TEST FOR INDEPENDENT GROUPS COMPARING
EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS' PRETEST SCORES
Variable Experimental group Control group
Anxiety level 53.58 8.88 standard 51.68 M 10.05 SD
mean (M) deviation (SD)
Heart rate 82.50 M 10.05 SD 80.83 M 4.95 SD
Systolic blood
pressure 125.35 M 15.33 SD 127.53 M 10.27 SD
Diastolic blood
pressure 74.82 M 12.80 SD 76.05 M 8.27 SD
Variable Pretest comparison
Anxiety level 0.896 0.373
t value P value
Heart rate 0.945 0.349
t value P value
Systolic blood
pressure -0.745 0.457
t value P value
Diastolic blood
pressure -0.509 0.611
t value P value
Table 3
TWO-SAMPLE T TEST FOR INDEPENDENT GROUPS COMPARING
EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS' POSTTEST SCORES
Variable Experimental group Control group
Anxiety level 31.83 4.97 standard 57.23 M 11.50 SD
mean (M) deviation (SD)
Heart rate 78.13 M 10.66 SD 83.48 M 5.27 SD
Systolic blood
pressure 121.83 M 13.79 SD 127.60 M 10.50 SD
Diastolic blood
pressure 71.05 M 11.39 SD 78.00 M 7.27 SD
Variable Posttest comparison
Anxiety level -12.83 <0.001
t value P value
Heart rate -2.846 0.006
t value P value
Systolic blood
pressure -2.11 0.039
t value P value
Diastolic blood
pressure -3.23 0.002
t value P value
Table 4
EXPERIMENTAL GROUP MEANS, STANDARD DEVIATIONS, AND T TEST FOR PAIRED
SAMPLES
Variable Pretest Posttest
Anxiety level 53.58 8.88 standard 31.83 M 4.97 SD
mean (M) deviation (SD)
Heart rate 82.50 M 10.05 SD 78.13 M 10.69 SD
Systolic blood
pressure 125.35 M 15.33 SD 121.83 M 13.79 SD
Diastolic blood
pressure 78.82 M 12.80 SD 71.05 M 11.39 SD
Variable
Anxiety level 14.91 <0.001
t value P value
Heart rate 3.29 <0.001
t value P value
Systolic blood
pressure 3.67 <0.001
t value P value
Diastolic blood
pressure 2.96 0.002
t value P value
Table 5
CONTROL GROUP MEANS, STANDARD DEVIATIONS, AND T TEST FOR PAIRED SAMPLES
Variable Pretest Posttest
Anxiety level 51.68 10.05 standard 57.23 M 11.50 SD
mean (M) deviation (SD)
Heart rate 80.83 M 4.95 SD 83.48 M 5.27 SD
Systolic blood
pressure 127.53 M 10.27 SD 127.60 M 10.50 SD
Diastolic blood
pressure 76.05 M 8.27 SD 77.95 M 7.27 SD
Variable
Anxiety level -4.098 <0.001
t value P value
Heart rate -2.988 0.002
t value P value
Systolic blood
pressure -0.057 0.893
t value P value
Diastolic blood
pressure -1.90 0.031
t value P value
Table 6
ATTITUDINAL RANKING SCALE FOR
HELPFULNESS OF MUSIC
Number
Rating of subjects Percentage
Excellent 14 35
Very good 20 50
Good 4 10
Fair 2 5
No help 0 0
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