Decrease in anogenital distance among male infants with prenatal phthalate exposure
Environmental Health Perspectives, August, 2005 by Shanna H. Swan, Katharina M. Main, Fan Liu, Sara L. Stewart, Robin L. Kruse, Antonia M. Calafat, Catherine S. Mao, J. Bruce Redmon, Christine L. Ternand, Shannon Sullivan, J. Lynn Teague
* The Study for Future Families Research Team included, from the University of Missouri-Columbia: E.Z. Drobnis, B.S. Carter, D. Kelly, and T.M. Simmons. Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center: C. Wang, L. Lumbreras, S. Villanueva, M. Diaz-Romero, M.B. Lomeli, and E. Otero-Salazar. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center: C. Hobel and B. Brock. University of Minnesota: C. Kwong and A. Muehlen. University of Iowa: A. Sparks, A. Wolf, J. Whitham, M. Hatterman-Zogg, and M. Maifeld.
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We thank the health care providers and study participants at University Physicians Clinic (Columbia, MO), Fairview Riverside Women's Clinic (Minneapolis, MN), Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center (Los Angeles, CA), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (Los Angeles, CA), and University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics (Iowa City, IA). We also thank M. Silva, J. Reidy, E. Samandar, and J. Preau for phthalate analyses and E. Gray, P. Foster, and D. Barr for their guidance.
This work was supported by grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Institutes of Health (R01-ES09916 to the University of Missouri, MOI-RR00400 to the University of Minnesota, MOI-RR0425 to Harbor-UCLA Medical Center) and by grant 18018278 from the State of Iowa to the University of Iowa.
The authors declare they have no competing financial interests.
Received 7 March 2005; accepted 25 May 2005.