Traumatic brain injury when symptoms don't add up: conversion and malingering in the rehabilitation setting - Traumatic Brain Injury

Journal of Rehabilitation,  April-June, 2002  by Patricia Rogers Babin,  Patricia Gross

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Table 1
[Tests of Malingering]

Table 1: Tests of Malingering

Name of Test           Author(s)           Description

CVLT-II (Forced        Delis, Kramer,      Forced Choice Recognition
Choice Recognition     Kaplan, & Ober,     of words on learned list
Subtest)               2000                versus novel unrelated
                                           words - > 1 error suggests
                                           poor motivation.

Dot Counting Test      Rey, 1941           Counting grouped dots
(DCT)                  Lezak, 1983         versus counting ungrouped
                                           dots -- counting grouped
                                           dots should take less time.

Rey Malingering Test   Rey, 1958           15 items presented in 5
(RMT)                                      groups of 3 -- subject
                                           should be able to draw at
                                           least 3 rows.

Symptom Validity       Pankratz, Fausti    Forced choice -- subject
Test (SVT)             & Peed, 1975        should score at least 50%
                       Pankratz, 1988

b Test                 Boone, 2000         15-page booklet of b's,
                                           q's, d's, etc. Cut-off
                                           scores for time, omissions
                                           and commissions.

Portland Digit         Binder & Willis,    Forced choice recognition
Recognition Test       1991                of digits -- subject should
(PDRT)                 Binder, 1993        score at least 50%.

Test of Memory         Rees & Tombaugh,    Forced Choice recognition
Malingering (TOMM)     1996                of 50 line
                                           drawings -- subject should
                                           score at least 50%.

Victoria Symptom       Slick, Hopp, &      Computerized version of
Validity Test          Strauss, 1992,      PDRT -- reaction time also
                       1995                measured. Results
                                           classified as malingered,
                                           questionable, or valid.

Validity Indicator     Frederick, 1997     Assesses consistency of
Profile (VIP)                              effort over time -- results
                                           indicate 1 of 4 response
                                           styles: compliant,
                                           careless, irrelevant, or
                                           malingered.

References

Alexander, M. P. (1995). Mild traumatic brain injury: Pathophysiology, natural history, and clinical management. Neurology, 45, 1253-1260.

Alves, W., Macciocchi, S.N., Barth, J.T. (1993). Postconcussive symptoms after uncomplicated mild head injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 8(3), 48-59.

Barsky, A. J. (1989). Somatoform disorders. In H. I. Kaplan & B. J. Sadock (Eds.), Comprehensive textbook of Psychiatry (V1, 5th ed) (pp. 1009-1027). Baltimore:Williams & Wilkins.