Featured White Papers
- Don't miss this enterprise mobility Webcast! (TechRepublic)
- Tools & Strategies for Expense Management (American Express)
- Enterprise PBX buyer's guide (VoIP-News)
Content provided in partnership with
Ted Hughes and Schopenhauer: the poetry of the will
Twentieth Century Literature, Spring, 1999 by Dwight Eddins
shadow of Schopenhauer, who sought along some of the same paths for means of negating the will's relentless pressures. In the last analysis, it is hard to locate a point in Hughes's development where his profound affinity with Schopenhauer is not evident, and where it does not illuminate a poetry that explores more intrepidly than any other the nightmare of ravening cosmic energies - what Hughes in the poem "Pike" calls "the dream / Darkness beneath night's darkness had freed, / That rose slowly towards me, watching."
NOTES
1 On Hardy's and Lawrence's links with Schopenhauer, see, respectively, Seymour-Smith (329-31) and Montgomery (43-72).
2 Keith Sagar mentions Schopenhauer as one of those we may wish to study in the quest to "seek out new coordinates" for reading Hughes ("Introduction" xiv-xv).
WORKS CITED
Bell, Michael. D. H. Lawrence: Language and Being. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1992.
Cooper, Anthony Ashley, third Earl of Shaftesbury. Characteristics of Men, Manners, Opinions, and Times. Ed. John M. Robertson. 2 vols. New York: Dutton, 1900.
Faas, Ekbert. Ted Hughes: The Unaccommodated Universe. Santa Barbara: Black Sparrow, 1980.
Grimal, Pierre. The Dictionary of Classical Mythology. Trans. A. R. Maxwell-Hyslop. Oxford: Blackwell, 1986.
Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan. Ed. Richard Tuck. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991.
Hughes, Ted. The Hawk in the Rain. London: Faber, 1968.
-----. Lupercal. London: Faber, 1970.
-----. Moortown. New York: Harper, 1979.
-----. Poetry in the Making. London: Faber, 1967.
-----. Wodwo. London: Faber, 1971.
-----. Wolfwatching. London: Faber, 1989.
Magee, Bryan. The Philosophy of Schopenhauer. New York: Oxford UP, 1983.
Montgomery, Robert E. The Visionary D. H. Lawrence: Beyond Philosophy and Art. New York: Cambridge UP, 1994.
The Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. Oxford: Clarendon, 1966.
Sagar, Keith. The Art of Ted Hughes. 2nd ed. New York: Cambridge UP, 1978.
-----. "Introduction." The Challenge of Ted Hughes. Ed. Keith Sagar. New York: St. Martin's, 1994.
Schopenhauer, Arthur. "The Will in Nature." Two Essays by Arthur Schopenhauer. Trans. Mme. Karl Hillebrand. London: Bell, 1889.
-----. The World as Will and Representation. Trans. E. F. J. Payne. 2 vols. New York: Dover, 1969.
Scigaj, Leonard. The Poetry of Ted Hughes: Form and Imagination. Iowa City: U of Iowa P, 1986.
Seymour-Smith, Martin. Hardy. London: Bloomsbury, 1994.
Tennyson, Alfred Lord. In Memoriam. Ed. Robert H. Ross. New York: Norton, 1973.
COPYRIGHT 1999 Hofstra University
COPYRIGHT 2000 Gale Group
