PLAUSIBILITY OF PANENTHEISM, THE

19 Gordon D. Kaufman, The Theological Imagination: Constructing the Concept of God (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1981), 53.

20 Kaufman, God the Problem (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1972), 15, 14.

21 Ibid., 155n11. Kaufman has developed a creative and plausible combination of naturalism and pragmatism. See Towne, "Imaginative Construction in Theology: An Aesthetic Approach," American Journal of Theology and Philosophy 19, no. 1 (1998): 77-103.

22 Roger Penrose, Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), 236.

23 John Polkinghorne, "Physical Process, Quantum Events, and Divine Agency," in Quantum Mechanics: Scientific Perspectives on Divine Action, ed. Robert John Russell, et al. (Vatican City State and Berkeley: Vatican Observatory Publications and Center for Theology and the Natural Sciences, 2001), 181.

24 Charles Hartshorne, "The Idea of God-Literal or Analogical?" The Christian Scholar 29 (1956): 134.

25 Hartshorne, Reality as Social Process: Studies in Metaphysics and Religion (Glencoe: The Free Press, 1953), 174-75.

26 Hartshorne, Beyond Humanism: Essays in the Philosophy of Nature (Chicago: Willet, Clark and Co., 1937), 292.

27 Hartshorne, Reality as Social Process, 172.

28 Hartshorne, Man's Vision of God, and the Logic of Theism (New York: Harper and Row, 1941), 67.

29 John J. Compton, "Science and God's Action in Nature," in Earth Might Be Fair: Reflections on Ethics, Religion, and Ecology, ed. Ian G. Barbour (Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, 1972), 37.

30 Towne, Two Types of New Theism: Knowledge of God in the Thought of Paul Tillich and Charles Hartshorne (New York: Peter Lang, 1997), 204-53.

31 Towne, "Theological Education and Empirical Theology: Bernard M. Loomer at the University of Chicago," The Journal of Religion 84, no. 2 (2004): 212-33.

32 Hartshorne, Aquinas to Whitehead: Seven Centuries of Metaphysics of Religion (Milwaukee: Marquette University Publications, 1976), 4.

33 With Anselm, Hartshorne holds that the necessary existence of God entails God's existence in actuality-the universe, for example-and what ever exists in actuality is more than merely possible. See Towne, "Semantics and Hartshorne's Dipolar Theism," Process Studies 28, nos. 3-4 (1999): 231-54.

34 Hartshorne, "The Formal Validity and Real Significance of the Ontological Argument," The Philosophical Review 53 (1944): 226.

35 Hartshorne, "Is God's Existence a State of Affairs?" in Faith and the Philosophers, ed. John Hick (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1964), 27.

36 Philip Clayton, Explanation from Physics to the Philosophy of Religion: Continuities and Discontinuities (PhD diss., Yale University, 1986), 253.

37 Clayton, "On the Value of the Panentheistic Analogy: A Response to Willem Drees," Zygon 35, no. 3 (2000): 703.

38 Clayton, "The case for Christian Panentheism," Dialogue 37, no. 3 (1998): 206.

39 Clayton, God and Contemporary Science (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1997), 259; author's emphasis.