Many children deficient in calcium intake and exercise

AORN Journal,  March, 2006  

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Most American children and adolescents are deficient in calcium intake and weight-beating exercise, according to a February 2006 article in Pediatrics. This places them at greater risk of developing osteoporosis Later in life and may predispose them to bone fractures during their adolescent years.

Calcium is necessary for healthy bone formation, and weight-bearing exercise increases bone strength. A calcium-rich diet in the absence of exercise, however, does not ensure good bone health.

Physicians are encouraged to monitor both calcium intake and exercise in children at least three times during childhood. This screening is recommended in children

* at two to three years old, after they are weaned from breast milk or formula;

* at eight to nine years aid, before the adolescent growth spurt; and

* again during puberty or in the teen years.

This screening may include simple questions about calcium intake, exercise patterns, and any family history of bone fractures or osteoporosis.

The article also recommends that children receive an adequate intake of vitamin D as well as fruits and vegetables that aid in the uptake and retention of calcium. An increased emphasis on bone health in early childhood may improve awareness and encourage healthy dietary practices Later in Life.

F R Greer, N F Krebs, "Optimizing bone health and calcium intakes of infants, children, and adolescents," Pediatrics 117 (February 2006) 578-585. Also available at http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full /117/2/578 (accessed 6 Feb 2006).

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